| Malignant tumors of bladder epithelium are very diverse in their
histological appearances [42].
There is a seemingly endless variety of tumor morphologies, such that one
will often need to search for an in-situ point of origin (CIS) to confirm
a diagnosis of primary, rather than metastatic carcinoma [98,113,114].
What we describe in this section are distinct entities, some common and
others rare. Some represent distinctive patterns of invasive growth and
others represent variations of cellular morphology. For purposes of future
study and comparison of different therapies, it is recommended that these
variants be incorporated into the diagnosis. |
