หากทารกมีการแพ้โปรตีนในอาหารก็จะมีอาการอุจจาระร่วงขึ้นมาใหม่ได้
ดังนั้นจึงจำเป็นต้องเลือกอาหารที่เหมาะสมและไม่แพ้โดยเลือกอาหารพิเศษดังตารางด้านล่าง
ซึ่งเป็นอาหารทางการแพทย์สำหรับให้ทางสายท่ออาหาร (Enteral Formula Feeding)
หรือให้ทางปากก็ได้ แบ่งชนิดของสารอาหารตามอายุคือ premature infants, term
infants, เด็กอายุ 1-6 ปี และอายุมากกว่า 6 ปี
| Clinical Condition | Formula Description | Suggested Formula |
| Premature
infant (< 1800 g) |
Premature formula-12% protein Contains MCT oil, carbohydrate, Lactose/glucose polymers, calcium, and phosphorus | Similac Special Care,Enfamil Premature, Premie SMA, breast milk with fortifier such as Similac Natural Care, Enfamil HMF |
| Term Infant | 60:40 whey:casein or casein formula | Breast milk, SMA with Iron, Enfamil with Iron, Similac with Iron, Good Start, Good Nature, Gerber |
| Primary or secondary lactose Intolerance | Lactose free cows milk based | Lactofree |
| Primary or secondary lactose intolerance or casein sensitivity | Lactose-free soy protein formula (sucrose and corn free) | Prosobee, Isomil, Nursoy, Soyalac, I-Soyalac, Isomil DF, Gerber Soy |
| Organ dysfunction (e.g.,renal, cardiac) | Low electrolyte/renal solute load formula | SMA with Iron, Enfamil with Iron, Similac PM 60/40, Product 80056 or modules with infant formula to meet needs |
| Steatorrhea associated with bile acid deficiency, ileal resection or lymphatic anomalies | Infant formula with MCT | Portagen, Pregestimil, Alimentum |
| Cow's milk protein and soy protein sensitivity:abnormal nutrient absorption, digestion, and transport; intractable diarrhea or protein-calorie malnutrition | Hypoallergenic, hydrolyzed casein, lactose and sucrose free | For
normal absorption: Nutramigen; for abnormal absorption: Alimentum or Pregestimil (both contain MCT oil) |
| 1-6
Years Tube feeding Oral supplement |
Complete
nutrition in 1100 mL, 1 kcal/mL caloric density, and gluten free,
Lactose free. Isotonic |
Pediasure, Pediasure with fiber |
| Over
6 Years Normal GI functions with varying medical conditions Fluid Restriction |
Hypercaloric formula nutrient | Two Cal HN, Magnacal, Ensure Plus, |
| Abnormal bowel movement | Added fiber | Jevity,Fibersource,Ensure with Fiber, Ultracal, Profiber, |
| Pulmonary/diabetes High stress-trauma, sepsis, burns | High-fat formula hypercaloric, high-protein formula | Pulmocare, Glucerna, Nutrivent, Respalor Fibersource HN, Impact, Osmolite HN, Isotein, Promote,Traumacal, Isosource HN, Perative |
| Lactose intolerance | Lactose-free formula | All of the above plus Compleat Modified Osmolite |
| Compromised GI/pancreatic function | Chemically defined formula | Tolerex,Vivonex TEN, Peptamen, Vital HN, Reabilan, Reabilan HN, Alitraq, Criticare HN, Lipisorb, Advera |
| Severe protein allergy | Elemental formula | Tolerex, Vivonex TEN, Alitraq, Accupep HRF, Travasorb HN, Vivonex Plus |
| Organ failure Impaired renal function predialysis Impaired renal function | Low-protein, essential amino acids, low or no electrolytes Low-protein, high branched chain amino acid formula | Suplena, Amin-Aid,Travsorb Renal, Nepro, Tolerex, hepatic-Acid, Travasorb Hepatic |
| Specified/individualized formula desired | Modular formula | Carbohydrate
: Polycose, Moducal, Sumacal Protein : Promod, Promix, Propac, Casec Fat : MCT oil, Microlipid, Lipomil, Vegetable oil |
Source: Adapted with permission from Wilson SE,Dietz WH,Grand RJ. An algorithm for pediatric enteral alimentation. Pediatr Ann 16:236, 1987