˹ѧ¡Ó¾ÃéÒ (epidermis) ª¹Ô´Ë¹Ò»ÃСͺ´éÇÂà¹×éͼÔÇ 5 ªÑé¹ (Figure 5) ¤×Í
1. Stratum basale (germinativum) à»ç¹ ªÑé¹ÅÖ¡ÊØ´ÊÇÁ¤ÅéÒ¡Ѻà¿×èͧ¡ÑºªÑé¹Ë¹Ñ§á·é ÅѡɳÐà»ç¹à«ÅÅìà¹×éͼÔǪÑé¹à´ÕÂÇ ª¹Ô´ simple cuboidal or columnar cells (Figure 4) â´Âà«ÅÅìªÑé¹¹Õéà»ç¹µÑÇàª×èÍÁµèÍÃÐËÇèÒ§ epidermal ridges áÅÐ dermal ridges (papillae)
2. Stratum spinosum ªÑé¹¹ÕéË¹Ò 5-10 ªÑé¹ »ÃСͺ´éÇ polyhedral prickle cells ·ÕèÁÕ (Figure 4) intercellular bridges (Figure 6) (ã¹ E/M ¤×Í desmosomes or macular adherens) ã¹µÒÁ¤ÇÒÁà»ç¹¨ÃÔ§¤×Í ºÃÔàdz·ÕèÁÕÊÒûÃСͺàª×èÍÁµÔ´á¹è¹ÃÐËÇèÒ§à«ÅÅì¢éÒ§à¤Õ§
3. Stratum granulosum à«ÅÅì㹪Ñé¹¹Õé¤×Í granular cells (Figure 7) ÁÕ»ÃÐÁÒ³ 2-3 ªÑé¹ ÀÒÂã¹ cytoplasm ¢Í§à«ÅÅì àÃÔèÁÊÃéÒ§ keratohyalin granules (µÔ´ÊÕ¹éÓà§Ô¹à¢éÁ)
4. Stratum lucidum (Figure 7) ªÑé¹¹ÕéºÒ§áÅÐãÊ ¶éÒà»ç¹¼ÔÇ˹ѧª¹Ô´ºÒ§äÁ辺ªÑé¹¹Õéà»ç¹Í§¤ì»ÃСͺ
5. Stratum corneum ªÑé¹¹Õé»ÃСͺ´éÇ¢Õéä¤Å (à«ÅÅì·ÕèµÒÂáÅéÇ) àÃÕ¡ keratin (Figure 2)áÅÐ (Figure 11) ªÑé¹¢Õéä¤Å¨Ð˹ÒÁÒ¡ã¹¼ÔÇ˹ѧª¹Ô´Ë¹Ò

ªÑé¹µèÒ§ æ ¢Í§Ë¹Ñ§¡Ó¾ÃéÒ»ÃСͺ´éÇÂà«ÅÅ쪹ԴµèÒ§ æ ·ÕèÊӤѭ 4 ª¹Ô´ ¤×Í

  • keratinocytes ¾ºÁÒ¡·ÕèÊØ´ à¾ÃÒÐà»ç¹¾Ç¡à«ÅÅì㹪Ñé¹µèÒ§ æ ¢Í§Ë¹Ñ§¡Ó¾ÃéÒ
  • melanocytes (Figure 8) áÅÐ (Figure 9) à«ÅÅì·ÕèÊÃéÒ§ melanin (àÁç´ÊÕ) ¡Óà¹Ô´ÁÒ¨Ò¡ neural crest cells Êèǹã˭辺à«ÅÅì¾Ç¡¹Õéá·Ã¡ÍÂÙè㹪Ñé¹ stratum spinosum áÅÐ stratum basale
  • Langerhans cell (Figure 10) à»ç¹à«ÅÅì·Õèà¢éÒã¨ÇèÒ·Ó˹éÒ·Õèà¡çº¡Ô¹ÊÔè§á»Å¡»ÅÍÁ¢Í§¼ÔÇ˹ѧ ¡Óà¹Ô´ÁÒ¨Ò¡ monocytes ºè§ªÕéä´éÂÒ¡ã¹ÃдѺ¡Åéͧ¨ØÅ·ÃÃȹì¸ÃÃÁ´Ò
  • Merkle cells ¡Óà¹Ô´ÁÒ¨Ò¡ neural crest à¢éÒã¨ÇèÒÁÕ˹éÒ·Õèà¡ÕèÂǡѺ mechanoreceptors ãËé¡Ñº¼ÔÇ˹ѧ äÁèÊÒÁÒöºè§ªÕéã¹ÃдѺ¡Åéͧ¨ØÅ·ÃÃÈì¸ÃÃÁ´Ò